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A large number of Bhutanese are currently being resettled to the United States. A high prevalence of noninfectious diseases has been noted in some refugee groups, but data on the Bhutanese refugee population are lacking. A retrosp...
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A large number of Bhutanese are currently being resettled to the United States. A high prevalence of noninfectious diseases has been noted in some refugee groups, but data on the Bhutanese refugee population are lacking. A retrospective, chart review study was conducted to determine proportion of noninfectious disease among ethnically Nepali Bhutanese refugees (n = 66) seen at the Grady Refugee Clinic (GRC). GRC disease proportions included the following: 52 % of the patients were overweight/obese (n = 34), 23 % were hypertensive (n = 15), 12 % had vitamin B-12 deficiency (n = 8), 15 % had depression (n = 10), and 14 % had diabetes (n = 9). Nine (90 %) patients with depression had chronic disease compared to 30 (54 %) of the patients without depression. The study found a substantial burden of chronic disease, micronutrient deficiency, and depression in the GRC. Further research is needed to accurately describe the disease burden in refugee populations and to evaluate pre-resettlement disease prevention strategies to provide a framework for future public health interventions.
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Нейропилин представляет широкий интерес для изучения как в развитии патологических состояний у взрослых, так и у детей. Совре...
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Нейропилин представляет широкий интерес для изучения как в развитии патологических состояний у взрослых, так и у детей. Современные научные исследования расширяют представления о роли этого белка в функционировании различных систем организма ребенка, начиная с периода внутриутробного развития. В представленном литературном обзоре рассмотрены результаты исследований с 2018 по 2023 гг. из базы Pubmed и Clinical key, связанных с ролью нейропилина, его эффектами в ассоциации с развитием различных хронических неинфекционных заболеваний. Целью данного обзора является расширение представлений о нейропилине, как о протеине, участвующем в интранатальном развитии плода и в метаболических процессах во внеутробном периоде. Изучение роли нейропилина позволит уточнить его роль в развитии хронических неинфекционных заболеваний, а вместе с этим и подходы к терапии в педиатрической практике.
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Noninfectious diseases of reptiles involve problems associated with nutrition, husbandry techniques, neopla-sia, reproduction, and developmental and genetic abnormalities. Familiarity with these disease processes is essential to d...
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Noninfectious diseases of reptiles involve problems associated with nutrition, husbandry techniques, neopla-sia, reproduction, and developmental and genetic abnormalities. Familiarity with these disease processes is essential to develop an understanding of the numerous problems observed in reptiles. Many times an infectious process is preceded by a noninfectious problem. Nutritional problems of reptiles have been thoroughly discussed in the literature and will not be discussed in this report.
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Objectives Information on the association between edentulism and chronic medical conditions in developing countries is lacking. We investigated such information among adults aged >= 45 years in China. Methods A national longitudin...
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Objectives Information on the association between edentulism and chronic medical conditions in developing countries is lacking. We investigated such information among adults aged >= 45 years in China. Methods A national longitudinal data set from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011-2018 was analysed. A multilevel logistic regression model was applied to analyse the association between edentulism and select chronic diseases. Results There were 74 240 Chinese adults aged >= 45 years in this study. The prevalence of self-reported edentulism was 8.8% in 2011 and had increased to 16.4% by 2018. Conclusion Edentulism was a factor associated with a higher risk of various self-reported chronic diseases among adults aged >= 45 years in China. Edentulism is one of the comorbidities among ageing people with chronic conditions. Preventive public health policy should consider controlling shared risk factors at an earlier age.
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Исследовали влияние концентрации кобальта на распространенность артериальной гипертонии, сахарного диабета и факторов риск...
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Исследовали влияние концентрации кобальта на распространенность артериальной гипертонии, сахарного диабета и факторов риска хронических неинфекционных заболеваний среди неорганизованной популяции Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа в возрасте 20-59 лет. Всего случайным образом отобрали и обследовали 1521 человека с откликом 78%. Распространенность артериальной гипертонии и ожирения выше при дефиците кобальта. Установили, что для дефицита и нормальной концентрации кобальта характерно более высокое адаптивное напряжение межсистемных взаимосвязей для сохранения гомеостаза организма, не отмечающееся при избытке элемента.
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Vaccination is a significant advancement or preventative strategy for controlling the spread of various severe infectious and noninfectious diseases. The purpose of vaccination is to stimulate or activate the immune system by inje...
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Vaccination is a significant advancement or preventative strategy for controlling the spread of various severe infectious and noninfectious diseases. The purpose of vaccination is to stimulate or activate the immune system by injecting antigens, i.e., either whole microorganisms or using the pathogen's antigenic part or macro-molecules. Over time, researchers have made tremendous efforts to reduce vaccine side effects or failure by developing different strategies combining with im-munoinformatic and molecular biology. These newly designed vaccines are composed of single or several antigenic molecules derived from a pathogenic organism. Although, whole-cell vaccines are still in use against various diseases but due to their ineffectiveness, other vaccines like DNA-based, RNA-based, and protein-based vaccines, with the addition of immunostimulatory agents, are in the limelight. Despite this, many researchers escape the most common fundamental phenomenon of protein posttranslational modifications during the development of vaccines, which regulates protein functional behavior, evokes immunogenicity and stability, etc. The negligence about post translational modification (PTM) during vaccine development may affect the vaccine's efficacy and immune responses. Therefore, it becomes imperative to consider these modifications of macromolecules before finalizing the antigenic vaccine construct. Here, we have discussed different types of posttranslational/transcriptional modifications that are usually considered during vaccine construct designing: Glycosylation, Acetylation, Sulfation, Methylation, Amidation, SUMOylation, Ubiquitylation, Lipidation, Formylation, and Phosphor-ylation. Based on the available research information, we firmly believe that considering these modifications will generate a potential and highly immunogenic antigenic molecule against communicable and noncommunicable diseases compared to the unmodified macromolecules.
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Purpose: To assess the association between BNT162b2 mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and the risk of active noninfectious uveitis (NIU). Design: Retrospective, population-based study. Participants: Two million six ...
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Purpose: To assess the association between BNT162b2 mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and the risk of active noninfectious uveitis (NIU). Design: Retrospective, population-based study. Participants: Two million six hundred two thousand five hundred fifty-seven people who received the first vaccine dose between December 20, 2020, and April 30, 2021, and 2 441 719 people who received the second vaccine dose between January 10, 2021, and April 30, 2021. Methods: Events of active NIU were included if they occurred within 21 days after either vaccine dose. Active NIU was defined as newly active or worsening ocular inflammation requiring initiation or increase in local or systemic corticosteroids. Observed cases were compared with the expected number, based on the experience of the population in 2019. Main Outcome Measures: Age- and sex-adjusted standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and attributable risks after BNT126b2 vaccination. Results: Overall, 100 and 88 events of active NIU were recorded within 21 days after the first and second vaccine doses, respectively. Using the experience of the population in 2019 as a reference, after the first dose, the estimated age- and sex-adjusted SIR was 1.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15-1.71) along with a 21-day attributable risk of 1.12 cases per 100 000 vaccinees. After the second dose, the SIR was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.05-1.62), with an estimated attributable risk of 0.86 cases per 100 000 vaccinees. Anterior uveitis was the most common site of inflammation, occurring in 90.96% of eyes, and idiopathic uveitis was the most common cause (56.38%). Conclusions: This study suggests that the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine may be associated with an increased risk of active NIU. However, considering the small effect size and study limitations, this study does not provide proof for a cause-and-effect relationship. The small estimated attributable risks suggest that the impact on public health is relatively minor. (C) 2022 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology
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Diseases of the pancreas can affect the exocrine pancreas, the endocrine pancreas, or both. Diseases and lesions of these tissues are infrequently described in birds. This article describes the diseases/lesions of both the exocrin...
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Diseases of the pancreas can affect the exocrine pancreas, the endocrine pancreas, or both. Diseases and lesions of these tissues are infrequently described in birds. This article describes the diseases/lesions of both the exocrine and endocrine pancreas in the general categories of noninfectious, infectious, and neoplastic/proliferative conditions.
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